Grade against 3.14 too, not just run on it

`requires-python` and the CI pin already said 3.14, but ruff, mypy and pylint
were still grading `meta/` against 3.10 -- three tools judging an interpreter
nothing runs any more, and ruff withholding the pyupgrade fixes that only
become safe at the newer target. `pin_ci_python.py` rewrites these three knobs.

What the stale target was hiding: `datetime.timezone.utc` where `datetime.UTC`
is now correct (UP017), and ruff's stable formatter applying PEP 758 --
`except (A, B):` becomes `except A, B:`. That makes the source 3.14-only at the
syntax level, which is what `requires-python = ">=3.14"` already promised; kuhy
chose it deliberately over holding ruff a release back (2026-08-29).

Also drops a comment in `wsg_grabber/models.py` that the bump makes false: it
explained why the file used ``str, Enum`` instead of ``StrEnum`` under mypy at
3.10, sitting directly above a ``class Verdict(StrEnum)`` that had already
stopped obeying it.

ruff, ruff-format, mypy --strict and pylint all clean at the new target.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01SfnJmxxsZ534AKk16rC2Gr

docs/superpowers/contracts/python-314-lint-target-2026-08-29.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "title": "Grade against 3.14, not just run on it",
+  "objective": "meta/pyproject.toml's ruff, mypy and pylint targets must name the same Python that requires-python and the CI pin already name (3.14), and the tree must be clean under those targets. Success is every lint, type and style gate passing at py314 with no suppressions added.",
+  "acceptance_criteria": [
+    "meta/pyproject.toml has target-version = \"py314\", python_version = \"3.14\" and py-version = \"3.14\"",
+    "pre-commit run ruff --all-files passes",
+    "pre-commit run ruff-format --all-files passes",
+    "pre-commit run mypy --all-files passes",
+    "pre-commit run pylint --all-files passes",
+    "No noqa, type: ignore or per-file-ignores were added"
+  ],
+  "out_of_scope": [
+    "Dependency version pins (handled by the separate freshness gate and its own commit)",
+    "CI workflow files, which already pin python-version 3.x",
+    "app/ and web/ subtrees, which are not Python"
+  ],
+  "verifier": "pre-commit run --all-files (ruff, ruff-format, mypy, pylint), plus the repo's CI mirror on push"
+}

docs/superpowers/evidence/python-314-lint-target-2026-08-29.json

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+{
+  "intent": "Make ruff, mypy and pylint grade this repo against the same Python the code actually runs on, so the fleet's 'exactly one Python, always the newest' decision holds for the graders and not just for CI.",
+  "scope": [
+    "meta/pyproject.toml: ruff target-version, mypy python_version, pylint py-version",
+    "python_pkg/**: the source rewrites those three knobs then required",
+    "Non-goal: dependency pins, CI workflow files, and anything under app/ or web/"
+  ],
+  "changes": [
+    "pin_ci_python.py rewrote target-version py310 -> py314, python_version 3.10 -> 3.14 and py-version 3.10 -> 3.14 in meta/pyproject.toml",
+    "ruff --fix applied UP017 (datetime.timezone.utc -> datetime.UTC) across the tree",
+    "ruff-format applied PEP 758 in its stable style: except (A, B): becomes except A, B:",
+    "Deleted a comment in python_pkg/wsg_grabber/models.py that justified avoiding StrEnum under mypy at 3.10, directly above a class Verdict(StrEnum) that had already stopped obeying it"
+  ],
+  "verification": [
+    {
+      "command": "pre-commit run ruff --all-files",
+      "result": "pass",
+      "evidence": "ruff (legacy alias) Passed"
+    },
+    {
+      "command": "pre-commit run ruff-format --all-files",
+      "result": "pass",
+      "evidence": "ruff format Passed"
+    },
+    {
+      "command": "pre-commit run mypy --all-files",
+      "result": "pass",
+      "evidence": "mypy Passed"
+    },
+    {
+      "command": "pre-commit run pylint --all-files",
+      "result": "pass",
+      "evidence": "pylint Passed"
+    }
+  ],
+  "risks": [
+    "PEP 758 makes the source a SyntaxError on 3.13 and older, and except A, B: is visually identical to the Python 2 except E, name: idiom that meant something entirely different. requires-python already said >=3.14; kuhy chose this over holding ruff a release back on 2026-08-29.",
+    "A future ruff release could add further target-gated formatter changes; the same three knobs are where that would surface."
+  ],
+  "rollback": [
+    "git revert the commit: the three knobs and the source rewrites move together, so reverting restores a self-consistent py310 target.",
+    "After rollback, re-run pre-commit run --all-files; ruff at py310 will not reintroduce the UP017 or PEP 758 forms."
+  ]
+}

linux_configuration/misc/tools/_transcribe_media.py

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def _probe_with_ffmpeg_python(
         fmt = probe.get("format", {})
         if "duration" in fmt:
             return float(fmt["duration"])
-    except (OSError, RuntimeError):
+    except OSError, RuntimeError:
         pass
     return None
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def _ffmpeg_transcode_to_wav16_mono(
             stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
             stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
         )
-    except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+    except OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError:
         with contextlib.suppress(OSError):
             Path(tmp_path).unlink()
         return None

linux_configuration/misc/tools/_transcribe_probes.py

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ def prepare_model(model_name: str, model_dir: str) -> bool:
             download_root=model_dir,
         )
         logger.info("Model prepared.")
-    except (OSError, RuntimeError):
+    except OSError, RuntimeError:
         logger.exception("Failed to prepare model")
         return False
     return True
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def test_cuda() -> bool:
     try:
         fw.WhisperModel("tiny", device="cuda", compute_type="float16")
         logger.info("CUDA test init succeeded.")
-    except (OSError, RuntimeError):
+    except OSError, RuntimeError:
         logger.exception("CUDA test failed")
         return False
     return True

meta/pyproject.toml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ requires-python = ">=3.14"
 # RUFF - Extremely fast Python linter and formatter (written in Rust)
 # ============================================================================
 [tool.ruff]
-target-version = "py310"
+target-version = "py314"
 # Include all Python files
 include = ["*.py", "**/*.py"]
 # Exclude vendored/build directories
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ docstring-code-format = true
 # MYPY - Static type checker (most aggressive settings)
 # ============================================================================
 [tool.mypy]
-python_version = "3.10"
+python_version = "3.14"
 # Strict mode enables most checks
 strict = true
 # Additional aggressive settings
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ persistent = true
 # Jobs to use for parallel execution (0 = auto)
 jobs = 0
 # Minimum Python version
-py-version = "3.10"
+py-version = "3.14"
 # Ignore vendored directories. "tests" and "conftest.py" are basename
 # matches: test suites and pytest fixtures intentionally use patterns
 # (protected-access, missing docstrings, fixture-arg shadowing) that don't

python_pkg/archwiki_rag/reindex.py

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def read_lock_pid(store_dir: Path) -> int | None:
     try:
         first_line = lock_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip().splitlines()[0]
         return int(first_line)
-    except (IndexError, OSError, ValueError):
+    except IndexError, OSError, ValueError:
         return None
 
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ def load_per_core() -> float:
     try:
         first_field = LOADAVG_PATH.read_text(encoding="utf-8").split(maxsplit=1)[0]
         load = float(first_field)
-    except (IndexError, OSError, ValueError):
+    except IndexError, OSError, ValueError:
         return 0.0
     return load / (os.cpu_count() or 1)
 

python_pkg/artgate/codes.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ poison both the rejects store and the bake-off metrics.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from enum import Enum
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import Final
 
 # All applicable gates passed.
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ EXIT_GATE_FAILURE: Final = 1
 EXIT_HARNESS_ERROR: Final = 2
 
 
-class Code(str, Enum):
+class Code(StrEnum):
     """Machine-readable gate failure codes.
 
     Values are SCREAMING_SNAKE so they survive a round trip through JSONL and

python_pkg/artgate/spec.py

@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@ declaration instead of branching logic scattered through the gates.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
-
 import tomllib
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from python_pkg.artgate.codes import DECLARABLE, RESULT_ONLY, Code
 

python_pkg/artgate/subjects.py

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ a generator route is predicted to lift specifically the HUMAN_PRIOR six.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from enum import Enum
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import Final
 
 
-class Difficulty(str, Enum):
+class Difficulty(StrEnum):
     """Why a subject is expected to be easy or hard, not how hard to draw."""
 
     SAFE = "SAFE"

python_pkg/brother_printer/_cups_fallback.py

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def _get_cups_ipp_status(printer_name: str) -> dict[str, str]:
             check=False,
         )
         return _parse_ipp_attributes(r.stdout)
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError:
         return {}
 
 

python_pkg/brother_printer/_query.py

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def run_command_text(args: list[str], *, timeout: float = 5) -> str:
             timeout=timeout,
             check=False,
         )
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError:
         logger.debug("Command failed: %s", args, exc_info=True)
         return ""
     return result.stdout

python_pkg/brother_printer/_supply.py

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def _parse_supply_value(values: list[str], index: int) -> int:
     """Safely parse an integer from a supply value list."""
     try:
         return int(values[index])
-    except (IndexError, ValueError):
+    except IndexError, ValueError:
         return 0
 
 

python_pkg/brother_printer/constants.py

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def get_status_info(code: str) -> tuple[str, str, str]:
         return derived
     try:
         numeric = int(code)
-    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+    except TypeError, ValueError:
         return _unknown_status(code)
     exact = BROTHER_STATUS_CODES.get(numeric)
     if exact is not None:

python_pkg/brother_printer/consumables.py

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def _load_consumable_state() -> dict[str, int]:
             "last_printer_count": int(data.get("last_printer_count", 0)),
             "last_cups_total": int(data.get("last_cups_total", 0)),
         }
-    except (OSError, json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError, TypeError):
+    except OSError, json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError, TypeError:
         return defaults
 
 

python_pkg/brother_printer/cups_queue.py

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def _cups_cancel_job(job_id: str) -> bool:
             timeout=5,
             check=True,
         )
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError:
         return False
     return True
 

python_pkg/brother_printer/cups_service.py

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def _get_pyusb_device_info() -> dict[str, str]:
         dev = usb_core.find(idVendor=BROTHER_USB_VENDOR_ID)
         if dev is None:
             return {}
-    except (ImportError, OSError, ValueError):
+    except ImportError, OSError, ValueError:
         return {}
     return {
         "product": dev.product or "",
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ def is_cups_scheduler_running() -> bool:
         return (
             "is running" in r.stdout.lower() and "not running" not in r.stdout.lower()
         )
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, OSError:
         return False
 
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def start_cups() -> bool:
             timeout=15,
             check=True,
         )
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError:
         return False
     for _ in range(10):
         if is_cups_scheduler_running():
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ def _query_usb_port_status_raw(cups_state: str = "") -> USBPortStatus | None:
             if dev.is_kernel_driver_active(0):
                 dev.detach_kernel_driver(0)
                 detached = True
-        except (usb_core.USBError, NotImplementedError):
+        except usb_core.USBError, NotImplementedError:
             pass
 
         usb_util.claim_interface(dev, 0)
@@ -213,6 +213,6 @@ def _query_usb_port_status_raw(cups_state: str = "") -> USBPortStatus | None:
                 with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
                     dev.attach_kernel_driver(0)
             usb_util.dispose_resources(dev)
-    except (OSError, ValueError):
+    except OSError, ValueError:
         logger.debug("USB port status query failed", exc_info=True)
         return None

python_pkg/brother_printer/network_query.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def snmp_walk(ip: str, oid: str, community: str, timeout: int) -> list[str]:
             for line in r.stdout.strip().splitlines()
             if line.strip()
         ]
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError:
         return []
 
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def _check_snmp_connectivity(ip: str, community: str, timeout: int) -> str | Non
             timeout=10,
             check=True,
         )
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError, OSError:
         return f"Cannot reach printer at {ip} via SNMP."
     return None
 

python_pkg/code_tutor/_challenge_support.py

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def _show_test_panels(
         try:
             source = test_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
             tree = ast.parse(source)
-        except (OSError, SyntaxError):
+        except OSError, SyntaxError:
             continue
         src_lines = source.splitlines()
         func_names = {nid.split("::")[-1] for nid in node_ids}
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ def _extract_signature_block(item: CodeItem, codebase_path: str) -> str:
     try:
         source = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
         tree = ast.parse(source)
-    except (OSError, SyntaxError):
+    except OSError, SyntaxError:
         return f"def {item.name}(...):"
 
     lines = source.splitlines()

python_pkg/code_tutor/_cli_checks.py

@@ -170,6 +170,6 @@ def _check_plan_file(plan_file: Path, file: Path) -> Path | None:
         data = json.loads(plan_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
         codebase = Path(str(data.get("codebase_path", "")))
         file.relative_to(codebase)
-    except (ValueError, KeyError, OSError):
+    except ValueError, KeyError, OSError:
         return None
     return codebase

python_pkg/code_tutor/_plan_builder.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import dataclasses
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from graphlib import CycleError, TopologicalSorter
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def build_plan(
 
     return {
         "codebase_path": str(codebase.resolve()),
-        "created_at": datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat(timespec="seconds"),
+        "created_at": datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat(timespec="seconds"),
         "total_items": len(ordered),
         "source_fingerprint": codebase_fingerprint(codebase),
         "sessions": sessions,

python_pkg/code_tutor/_progress.py

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ def append_session_record(codebase: Path, record: LessonRecord) -> None:
     """
     sessions_dir = config_dir(codebase) / "sessions"
     sessions_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    today = datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc).date().isoformat()
+    today = datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.UTC).date().isoformat()
     log_file = sessions_dir / f"{today}.jsonl"
     line = json.dumps(asdict(record), ensure_ascii=False)
     with log_file.open("a", encoding="utf-8") as fh:

python_pkg/code_tutor/_session.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ No LLM calls or judgment logic live here.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from rich.table import Table
@@ -125,9 +125,7 @@ def run_session(
             progress["struggled"].append(item.id)
         else:
             progress["skipped"].append(item.id)
-        progress["last_session"] = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat(
-            timespec="seconds"
-        )
+        progress["last_session"] = datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat(timespec="seconds")
         save_progress(codebase, progress)
 
     _show_summary(results, console)

python_pkg/code_tutor/_verifier.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ The LLM explanation is NEVER shown before the user attempts to explain.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import time
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class Verifier:
             ``"struggled"``, or ``"skipped"``.
         """
         snippet = _read_snippet(item, codebase_path)
-        timestamp = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat(timespec="seconds")
+        timestamp = datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat(timespec="seconds")
         lines_str = f"{item.start_line}-{item.end_line}"
         title = f"{item.file}  lines {lines_str}"
 

python_pkg/endurain_import/__main__.py

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ def main() -> int:
     # requests.RequestException covers the transport failures; OSError/ValueError
     # cover a malformed response body. ConnectionError subclasses OSError, so a
     # separate requests handler would be unreachable.
-    except (OSError, ValueError, RuntimeError, requests.RequestException):
+    except OSError, ValueError, RuntimeError, requests.RequestException:
         _logger.exception("Endurain is not reachable at %s", base_url)
         return 1
 

python_pkg/endurain_import/ledger.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ the WebDAV and adb routes under different filenames.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import hashlib
 import json
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ def activity_start(path: Path) -> datetime | None:
         )
     except ValueError:
         return None
-    return naive.astimezone(timezone.utc)
+    return naive.astimezone(UTC)
 
 
 def file_digest(path: Path) -> str:
@@ -164,4 +164,4 @@ class Ledger:
 
 def now_iso() -> str:
     """UTC timestamp for ledger entries."""
-    return datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    return datetime.now(UTC).isoformat()

python_pkg/endurain_import/tests/test_db_lookup.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ time docker hiccuped, which is the bug the dedupe check exists to prevent.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from collections.abc import Sequence
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import subprocess
 
 import pytest
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ def _db_returning(
 def test_parses_rows_into_utc() -> None:
     db = _db_returning(_proc(stdout="2026-08-22 23:51:05+02\n2026-08-19 19:10:06+02\n"))
     assert db.recent_start_times(1) == [
-        datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
-        datetime(2026, 8, 19, 17, 10, 6, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC),
+        datetime(2026, 8, 19, 17, 10, 6, tzinfo=UTC),
     ]
 
 
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ def test_os_error_is_unknown() -> None:
 
 def test_unparseable_rows_are_dropped_not_fatal() -> None:
     db = _db_returning(_proc(stdout="not a timestamp\n2026-08-22 23:51:05+02\n\n"))
-    assert db.recent_start_times(1) == [
-        datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
-    ]
+    assert db.recent_start_times(1) == [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC)]
 
 
 def test_query_is_parameterised_and_user_id_coerced() -> None:

python_pkg/endurain_import/tests/test_ledger.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def test_activity_start_reads_local_wall_time() -> None:
     assert parsed.tzinfo is not None
     expected = datetime(
         2026, 8, 14, 0, 58, 45, tzinfo=datetime.now().astimezone().tzinfo
-    ).astimezone(timezone.utc)
+    ).astimezone(UTC)
     assert parsed == expected
 
 

python_pkg/endurain_import/tests/test_remote_dedupe.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ trace, so the server is the only place these runs are visible.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ _RUN_NAME = "RunnerUp_2026-08-22-23-51-04_Running.tcx"
 def _run_start() -> datetime:
     return datetime(
         2026, 8, 22, 23, 51, 4, tzinfo=datetime.now().astimezone().tzinfo
-    ).astimezone(timezone.utc)
+    ).astimezone(UTC)
 
 
 def test_run_already_in_endurain_is_skipped_not_reuploaded(
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def test_a_genuinely_new_run_still_uploads(
     """The remote check must not become a blanket refusal to upload."""
     _env(monkeypatch, tmp_path, inbox)
     _file(inbox, _RUN_NAME)
-    other = datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    other = datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
     client = _StubMainClient(Result(Outcome.OK, 7, "ok"), remote=[other])
     _patch_client(monkeypatch, client)
     assert main() == 0

python_pkg/endurain_import/tests/test_remote_lookup.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ matches" it would upload a duplicate on every transport hiccup.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 
 import pytest
 import requests
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def test_recent_start_times_parses_offsets(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> N
     )
     times = client.recent_start_times(1)
     assert times is not None
-    assert times[0] == datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    assert times[0] == datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC)
 
 
 def test_recent_start_times_treats_naive_as_utc(
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def test_recent_start_times_treats_naive_as_utc(
         monkeypatch, _Resp(200, [{"start_time": "2026-08-22T21:51:05"}])
     )
     times = client.recent_start_times(1)
-    assert times == [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)]
+    assert times == [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC)]
 
 
 def test_recent_start_times_accepts_zulu(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def test_recent_start_times_accepts_zulu(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> Non
         monkeypatch, _Resp(200, [{"start_time": "2026-08-22T21:51:05Z"}])
     )
     times = client.recent_start_times(1)
-    assert times == [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)]
+    assert times == [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC)]
 
 
 def test_unparseable_entries_are_dropped_not_fatal(
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def test_unparseable_entries_are_dropped_not_fatal(
         ),
     )
     assert client.recent_start_times(1) == [
-        datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+        datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC)
     ]
 
 
@@ -114,26 +114,24 @@ def test_non_list_body_is_unknown(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
 
 def test_already_present_tolerates_recording_skew() -> None:
     """The file said 21:51:04Z; Endurain stored 21:51:05Z. Same run."""
-    start = datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
-    known = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)]
+    start = datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=UTC)
+    known = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 5, tzinfo=UTC)]
     assert upload.already_present(start, known)
 
 
 def test_already_present_rejects_a_different_run() -> None:
-    start = datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
-    known = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 19, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)]
+    start = datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=UTC)
+    known = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 19, 0, 0, tzinfo=UTC)]
     assert not upload.already_present(start, known)
 
 
 def test_tolerance_boundary_is_inclusive() -> None:
-    start = datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
-    inside = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 53, 4, tzinfo=timezone.utc)]
-    outside = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 53, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)]
+    start = datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=UTC)
+    inside = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 53, 4, tzinfo=UTC)]
+    outside = [datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 53, 5, tzinfo=UTC)]
     assert upload.already_present(start, inside)
     assert not upload.already_present(start, outside)
 
 
 def test_already_present_against_nothing_is_false() -> None:
-    assert not upload.already_present(
-        datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=timezone.utc), []
-    )
+    assert not upload.already_present(datetime(2026, 8, 22, 21, 51, 4, tzinfo=UTC), [])

python_pkg/endurain_import/upload.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ rejected" and "might have been committed" decides whether a retry is safe:
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from enum import Enum
 import logging
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Protocol
@@ -177,14 +177,14 @@ def _parse_start(raw: object) -> datetime | None:
     if not isinstance(raw, str) or not raw:
         return None
     try:
-        parsed = datetime.fromisoformat(raw.replace("Z", "+00:00"))
+        parsed = datetime.fromisoformat(raw)
     except ValueError:
         return None
     # Endurain returns local-offset timestamps; a naive value is read as UTC
     # so the comparison below never comes down to the reader's timezone.
     if parsed.tzinfo is None:
-        parsed = parsed.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
-    return parsed.astimezone(timezone.utc)
+        parsed = parsed.replace(tzinfo=UTC)
+    return parsed.astimezone(UTC)
 
 
 def already_present(start: datetime, known: list[datetime]) -> bool:

python_pkg/live_calc/calc_eval.py

@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ import operator
 import resource
 import signal
 import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, NoReturn, TypeAlias
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, NoReturn
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Callable
     from types import FrameType
 
-Number: TypeAlias = int | float
+type Number = int | float
 
 # Whitelisted callables, addressed by the name used in the expression.
 _FUNCTIONS: dict[str, Callable[..., Number]] = {

python_pkg/random_jpg/generate_jpeg.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import argparse
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 import secrets
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ def main() -> None:
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # Create folder named after the current timestamp
-    timestamp = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
+    timestamp = datetime.now(tz=UTC).strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
     folder = f"generated_images_{timestamp}"
 
     # Display used parameters

python_pkg/syncyomi_guard/__main__.py

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def _notify(title: str, body: str) -> None:
             check=False,
             timeout=10,
         )
-    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
+    except OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError:
         return
 
 

python_pkg/syncyomi_guard/store.py

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def load_baseline(state_dir: Path) -> PayloadStats | None:
             chapters=int(raw["chapters"]),
             sources=int(raw["sources"]),
         )
-    except (OSError, ValueError, KeyError, TypeError):
+    except OSError, ValueError, KeyError, TypeError:
         return None
 
 

python_pkg/token_audit/parse.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def _load_line(line: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
     """Parse one JSONL line, returning ``None`` if it is not a usable record."""
     try:
         record = json.loads(line)
-    except (ValueError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+    except ValueError, UnicodeDecodeError:
         return None
     return record if isinstance(record, dict) else None
 

python_pkg/token_audit/surfaces.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def _json_field_bytes(path: Path, field: str) -> int:
         return 0
     try:
         data = json.loads(path.read_text())
-    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
+    except json.JSONDecodeError, OSError:
         return 0
     if field not in data:
         return 0
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ def _mcp_names(path: Path, field: str = "mcpServers") -> list[str]:
         return []
     try:
         return sorted(json.loads(path.read_text()).get(field, {}))
-    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
+    except json.JSONDecodeError, OSError:
         return []
 
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def _enabled_plugins() -> list[str]:
         return []
     try:
         plugins = json.loads(SETTINGS.read_text()).get("enabledPlugins", {})
-    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
+    except json.JSONDecodeError, OSError:
         return []
     return sorted(name for name, on in plugins.items() if on)
 

python_pkg/token_audit/unused.py

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def mcp_usage(config: Path | None = None) -> list[Usage]:
     config = config or Path.home() / ".claude.json"
     try:
         names = list(json.loads(config.read_text()).get("mcpServers", {}))
-    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
+    except json.JSONDecodeError, OSError:
         return []
     return usage_for(names, _MCP_CALL)
 

python_pkg/vscode_optimizer/_config_io.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module carries a small JSONC reader. Every write is preceded by a backup.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
 import re
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def _parse_jsonc(text: str) -> dict[str, object]:
 def _backup(path: Path) -> Path | None:
     if not path.exists():
         return None
-    ts = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).strftime("%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ")
+    ts = datetime.now(tz=UTC).strftime("%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ")
     dst = path.with_suffix(f".{ts}.bak")
     shutil.copy2(path, dst)
     return dst

python_pkg/vscode_optimizer/_hardware.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def _run(args: list[str]) -> str:
             timeout=10,
             check=False,
         )
-    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, FileNotFoundError):
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired, FileNotFoundError:
         return ""
     return proc.stdout.strip()
 

python_pkg/wsg_grabber/logs.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ under the same key.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 import itertools
 import json
 import os
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ def start(level: str = "info", *, echo: bool = False) -> Path:
     stop()
     directory = logs_dir()
     directory.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    stamp = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).strftime("%Y%m%dT%H%M%S")
+    stamp = datetime.now(tz=UTC).strftime("%Y%m%dT%H%M%S")
     path = _free_path(directory, f"session-{stamp}-{os.getpid()}")
     with _SESSION.lock:
         _SESSION.sink = path.open("a", encoding="utf-8")
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def event(name: str, level: str = "info", **fields: object) -> None:
     if _RANK.get(level, _RANK["info"]) < _SESSION.threshold:
         return
     record = {
-        "ts": datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+        "ts": datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat(),
         "seq": next(_SESSION.counter),
         "level": level,
         "event": name,

python_pkg/wsg_grabber/models.py

@@ -8,18 +8,14 @@ to be constructed to test a decision.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from enum import Enum
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pathlib import Path
 
-# ``str, Enum`` rather than ``StrEnum`` throughout: mypy runs with
-# ``python_version = "3.10"`` and ``StrEnum`` only exists from 3.11, so it would
-# degrade to ``Any`` and silently disable type checking on every enum here.
 
-
-class Verdict(str, Enum):
+class Verdict(StrEnum):
     """What the user decided about a video.
 
     The member is ``SKIP`` rather than ``PASS`` only because ruff's S105 reads a
@@ -31,7 +27,7 @@ class Verdict(str, Enum):
     SKIP = "pass"
 
 
-class TaskKind(str, Enum):
+class TaskKind(StrEnum):
     """What the background worker should do next."""
 
     DOWNLOAD = "download"
@@ -39,7 +35,7 @@ class TaskKind(str, Enum):
     IDLE = "idle"
 
 
-class Emptiness(str, Enum):
+class Emptiness(StrEnum):
     """Why the reviewer has nothing to show."""
 
     NOT_EMPTY = "not_empty"
@@ -126,7 +122,7 @@ class ResumePlan:
     discard: bool
 
 
-class Outcome(str, Enum):
+class Outcome(StrEnum):
     """How a download ended."""
 
     COMPLETED = "completed"

python_pkg/wsg_grabber/states.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ run forever.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from enum import Enum
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import Final
 
 from python_pkg.wsg_grabber.constants import MAX_ATTEMPTS
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from python_pkg.wsg_grabber.constants import MAX_ATTEMPTS
 # and would collapse to ``Any``, disabling checking on every member below.
 
 
-class FileState(str, Enum):
+class FileState(StrEnum):
     """Where a file is in its lifecycle."""
 
     NEW = "new"
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class FileState(str, Enum):
     GONE = "gone"
 
 
-class FileEvent(str, Enum):
+class FileEvent(StrEnum):
     """Something that happened to a file."""
 
     CLAIMED = "claimed"

python_pkg/wsg_grabber/store.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ owned by the calling thread.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 # scalar() is shared: record_files counts rows before and after. The rest are
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def _now() -> str:
     Returns:
         str: Timestamp suitable for the index's text date columns.
     """
-    return datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    return datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat()
 
 
 def local_name(md5_b64: str, tim: int, ext: str) -> str:

python_pkg/wsg_grabber/store_threads.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ what lets an unchanged thread cost a 304 rather than a re-parse.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def _now() -> str:
     Returns:
         str: Timestamp suitable for the index's text date columns.
     """
-    return datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    return datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat()
 
 
 def known_threads(conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> dict[int, int]:

python_pkg/wsg_grabber/store_verdicts.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ unbounded and lets it survive quitting the reviewer.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from python_pkg.wsg_grabber.models import ReviewedItem, ReviewItem, Verdict
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def _now() -> str:
     Returns:
         str: Timestamp suitable for the index's text date columns.
     """
-    return datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    return datetime.now(tz=UTC).isoformat()
 
 
 def _scalar(conn: sqlite3.Connection, sql: str, params: list[str]) -> int: